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|influenced = }} Martin Heidegger (;〔("Heidegger" ). ''Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary''.〕 ; 26 September 188926 May 1976) was a German philosopher and a seminal thinker in the Continental tradition, particularly within the fields of existential phenomenology and philosophical hermeneutics. From his beginnings as a Catholic academic, he developed a groundbreaking and widely influential philosophy. His best known book, ''Being and Time'' (1927), is considered one of the most important philosophical works of the 20th century.〔Lackey, Douglas. 1999. "What Are the Modern Classics? The Baruch Poll of Great Philosophy in the Twentieth Century". ''Philosophical Forum''. 30 (4): 329-46〕 In it and later works, Heidegger maintained that one's way of questioning defines one's nature. He argued that Western thinking had lost sight of being, and that by people finding themselves as "always already" moving within ontological presuppositions, they lose touch with their grasp of being and its truth thus becomes "muddled".〔Heidegger, Martin. ''Poetry, Language, Thought''. (New York: Harper Modern Perennial Classics, 2001.), p. 8.〕 As a solution to this condition, Heidegger advocated a change in focus from ontologies based on ontic determinants to the fundamental ontological elucidation of being-in-the-world in general, allowing it to reveal, or "unconceal" itself as concealment.〔''Poetry, Language, Thought'', p. 60.〕 He wrote extensively on Friedrich Nietzsche and Friedrich Hölderlin in his later career. Heidegger is a controversial figure, largely for his affiliation with Nazism, for which he neither apologized nor publicly expressed regret,〔For critical readings of the interview (published in 1966 as "Only a God Can Save Us", ''Der Spiegel''), see the "Special Feature on Heidegger and Nazism" in ''Critical Inquiry'' 15:2 (Winter 1989), particularly the contributions by Jürgen Habermas and Blanchot. The issue includes partial translations of Derrida's ''Of Spirit'' and Lacoue-Labarthe's ''Of Spirit'' and ''Heidegger, Art, and Politics: the Fiction of the Political''.〕 although in private he called it "the biggest stupidity of his life" (''die größte Dummheit seines Lebens'').〔Quoted by Heinrich Wiegand Petzet, ''Auf einen Stern zugehen. Begegnungen und Gespräche mit Martin Heidegger 1929-1976'', 1983 p. 43, and also by Frédéric de Towarnicki, ''A la rencontre de Heidegger. Souvenirs d'un messager de la Forêt-Noire'', Gallimard-Arcades p. 125〕 ==Biography== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Martin Heidegger」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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